SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Agriculture in Sao Tome e Principe: Policy and Investment Options

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121119

Angola’s Macroeconomy and Agricultural Growth

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: International Development.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121155

This paper discusses the effects of Angola’s mineral wealth on the process of agricultural development. Though Angola has a rich agricultural resource base its history of civil war and extreme real exchange rate distortions has resulted in agricultural stagnation through many parts of the country. Though the security situation is now much improved, current high oil prices along with oil output increases mean that pressures on the real exchange rate will remain a fact of life for the foreseeable future.

Asymmetry in Wholesale-Retail Food Price Transmission in an African Metropolitan Area: The Case of Kinshasa (Zaire)

Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57043

Cashew Production in Guinea Bissau

This study presents a new explanation of asymmetric price behavior infood markets based on the presence of transactions costs,and provides evidence from a developing country. Price liberalization can in many cases be insufficient for efficien toperation of African food markets. This is mainly due to the existence of significant transactions costs, caused by deficient infrastructure and information systems. A model based on search costs and kinked demand curves is used to explain asymmetric price behavior in retail markets in Kinshasa (Zaire).

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121306

Cashew is by far the most important cash crop grown in Guinea Bissau. Indeed, the degree of export dependence on this crop exceeds even the export dependence of most members of OPEC on oil exports. This paper provides an overview of the current system of cashew production in Guinea Bissau and suggests policies to improve production, marketing and international sales.

Debt-For-Nature Swaps and the Environment in Africa

Palavras-chave: Cashew; Poverty; Macroeconomy; Financial Economics; Production Economics.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55925

FEED GRAINS AND MEAT PRODUcnON IN VENEZUElA.

This paper discusses the use of debt-for-nature swaps as a funding mechanism for environmental expenditures in Sub-Saharan Africa. The pros and cons of such transactions for creditor banks, environmental groups and debtor countries are discussed and evaluated in terms of their ability to address environmental problems prevalent in the region. It is concluded that the usefulness of debt swaps may be limited and that direct donations to developing countries for environmental purposes may often be superior to swap transaction.

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1990

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121546

Marrero, Fernando; Kyle, Steven C.; Lee, David R..

This paper presents a description and analysis of the Venezuela feed grain and meat sectors from 1958 to the present time. Government policies toward these sectors are described and elasticities of supply and demand are estimated in order to provide a basis for predicting the effects of policy changes.

Tipo: Technical Report

Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123008

Political and Economic Prospects for Mozambique and Angola

Price Transmission and Price Integration in Food Retail Markets: The Case of Kinshasa

This paper discusses similarities and differences in the political and economic prospects for Angola and Mozambique. Central to the posing of these questions is the meaning and usefulness of putting these two countries in the same category. While both share some elements of a common colonial history, their similarities are in many respects outweighed by their differences. Angola is a country whose economy is dominated by huge oil revenues and whose governing party, the MPLA, recently won a military victory over its long time opposition, UNITA. UNITA, though now much weakened, nevertheless represents the legitimate interests of a large segment of the population, whose home provinces are the most agriculturally favored in the country. Mozambique is a country...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: International Development.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121118

Sustainable Development and Economic Growth in the Amazon Rainforest

Integration of commodity markets in developing countries has received considerable attention because price integration is perceived to be central to the success of food and agricultural policies. Price integration tests are performed in retail markets in Kinshasa (Zaire), i.e. between commodities, among retail markets, and between the wholesale and retail market level. Price transmission is measured by incorporating the co-integration concept into the classical long-run and shon-run market integration test. It is shown that although wholesale prices are input prices for retailers, they lack shon-run integration with retail prices. Differences exist between retail markets which do not reflect services or transponation costs. It is hypothesized that this is...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121302

Nogueira, Jorge Madeira; Kyle, Steven C..

This paper analyzes the implications of the concept of sustainable development for economic growth. Most definitions of "sustainability" currently in use provide little guide for policy while some would in fact work against the process of development if they were to be operationalized. The difficulties in promoting "sustainable development" in the context of a growing economy where there is a large segment of the population living in absolute poverty are illustrated with the case of the Brazilian Amazon.

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1992

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121364

The Effect of Distance and Road Quality on Food Prices, Marketing Margins, and Traders' Wages: Evidence from Zaire

The Impact of International Prices and Exchange Rates on Domestic Food Prices in Zaire

Major investments in infrastructure rehabilitation have been undertaken by govemments, development banks and donors in developing countries in recent decades. In Sub-Saharan Africa roaddeterioration isperceivedtobeoneofthemaincausesforthelimitedsupplyresponseafter price liberalization in agricultural markets. Studies of the quantitative effects on marketing margins are rare. This analysis shows that the wholesale -producer food price margin is strongly influenced by the quality of the road infrastructure. Evidence from Zaire shows that food prices decrease faster than transportation costs increase and that traders' wages are higher on bad roads. A trader's model incorporating uncertainty in input costs is used to explain this phenomenon.

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121304

The Macroeconomic Context for Trade in Guinea Bissau

In sectoral trade analysis, agriculture is generally assumed to be a tradable sector. However, this is not the case within the time frame envisioned for policy reform programs in many developing countries. In this time frame, there are no agricultural products that can be classified as purely tradable or non-tradable. Evidence from Zaire shows that exchange rate changes have a differential impact on agricultural products depending on the characteristics of the product. The classification between tradable and non-tradable is not clear cut as the price of some non-tradables is also affected by changes in the international market or changes in the exchange rate.

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Marketing.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121303

This paper surveys the current macroeconomic situation in Guinea Bissau in light of proposals to increase the integration of the country with international markets. Major issues are continuing instability in the government, poor infrastructure particularly the port) and a very high degree of dependence on one export – cashew.

THE RELATION BETWEEN FARM PRODUCTION RISK AND OFF-FARM INCOME

Palavras-chave: Cashew; Macroeconomic; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55926

Transport, Electricity and Communications Priorities in Guinea Bissau

This paper presents a model of the farm labor allocation decision based on risk and return characteristics of different activities. It is shown that off-farm employment can play an important role in the diversification of farm family income, implying that portfolio models of risk and return to farm activities should take into account the possibility of off-farm employment. A model of the labor allocation decision based on the risk and return characteristics of each activity is developed and tested using a state level cross section of the United States over the post-war period, and performs well in explaining variation in reliance on off-farm income.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31553

This paper details the current situation in Guinea Bissau regarding infrastructure needs and suggests policies for the future. In particular it is noted that the degradation of the country’s only port in Bissau is a serious concern given the likelihood that the port will in a few years cease to be accessible to ocean-going freighters if rehabilitation is not made an immediate priority. While primary roads are in fairly good shape, secondary roads are abysmal and maintenance needs are routinely ignored on all roads. It is shown that completion of bridges connecting Bissau directly to Senegal will have the effect of making Senegalese ports the preferred outlet for many of Guinea Bissau’s exports.

We're Rich!! Or Are We? Oil and Development in Sao Tomé e Príncipe

Palavras-chave: Exports; Bridges; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55927

Palavras-chave: This paper discusses the policy issues facing Sno TomJ e PrRncipe; Given the discovery and imminent exploitation of large reserves of oil in its territorial waters. A common reaction to news of a large oil discovery is to think that all economic problems can be solved by the flow of oil revenues. However; The experience of numerous oil countries shows that it is necessary to temper this attitude somewhat since there are numerous pitfalls which can offset the positive aspects of oil riches. An appropriate policy for macro balance and for disposal of oil revenues will be essential if Sno TomJ e PrRncipe is to avoid the problems which have plagued countries such as Nigeria or Angola. The two main lessons of macroeconomics in such a situation is first not to generate revenue faster than it can be productively used and second to invest in such a manner that the country’s underlying comparative advantages are preserved. In the case of Sno TomJ e PrRncipe; History and recent analyses confirm that there is a strong comparative advantage in agriculture; Implying that investments which enhance productivity and efficiency in this sector would be appropriate for expenditure of oil revenues. In addition; Such a strategy would have beneficial effects in terms of poverty alleviation and equitable distribution of benefits from the coming windfall.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Tipo: Working Paper

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121116

WHAT ROLE FOR LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA IN MEETING KENYA'S FUELWOOD DEMAND?:A BIOECONOMIC MODEL

Stone, Steven W.; Kyle, Steven C.; Conrad, Jon M..

Shortages of wood for burning and construction have begun to create serious environmental problems in sub-Saharan Africa. Kenya is of particular interest both because of its high population pressure and its commitment to au active reforestation movement. This paper examines the contribution that the fast-growing species, Leucaena leucocephala, can make in this effort. A simple statistical model was used to determine the soil and climatic factors that affect its growth; these results are then compared with existing conditions in Kenya. Estimated coefficients for growth and estimated output prices were used to derive a function relating the present value of net revenue to rotation length. It is demonstrated that the economically optimal rotation is just...